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How does Charles Dickens create a sense of tension and suspense in this extract?

Writer's picture: Reid MontgomeryReid Montgomery

In Charles Dickens’ classic novel, A Christmas Carol, the particular character, Scrooge, represents all the values opposed to Christmas - greed, selfishness, and goodwill. Within the extract, Dicken fabricates tension and suspense through the use of unreliable narration and stream of consciousness by going on long tangents. Dicken first constructs a sense of tension when Scrooge walks home, goes to open his front door, but the door handle turns into a ghostly figure of Marly. Afterwards, Scrooge pursues his nightly routine, until, “It was with great astonishment, and with a strange, inexplicable dread, that as he looked, he saw this bell begin to swing. It swung so softly in the outset that it scarcely made a sound; but soon it rang out loudly, and so did every bell in the house”, furthermore, this creates suspense which builds upon tension about to arise, “The cellar-door flew open with a booming sound, and then he heard the noise much louder, on the floors below; then coming up the stairs; then coming straight towards his door.” A stream of consciousness as a product of unreliable narration slowly builds upon the suspense that Dickens desires the reader to perceive, exaggeration can be found embedded in the quotations above to build beyond suspense, in order to fabricate tension, for example, the use of adjectives amplifies the idea of suspense, such as, ‘flew’ and ‘booming’ to overemphasize the circumstance at this moment in order to aid the intention of suspense and tension. The consecutive use of ‘;’ in the second quotation, where Scrooge first sees Marley’s ghost, allows for the sentence to keep leading on, in spite of that it creates a pause although the sentence continues which escalates the intention of provoking tension. Furthermore, the beginning structure of the second quotation sparks tension and the ending validates the forging of tension. Additionally, this idea of tension and suspense can also be seen when Scrooge proceeds upstairs, “But before he shut his heavy door, he walked through his rooms to see that all was right”, furthermore, expanding on the themes Dicken wants the reader to observe and undergo, tension and suspense. Overall, the methods Dicken utilized to provoke the feelings of tension and suspense build upon one another, like exaggeration through the use of impactful adjectives.

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